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English to Spanish: Ebbs and Flows of Globalization General field: Bus/Financial Detailed field: Management
Source text - English Globalization seems to be a novel concept. Modern culture is a fusion of tastes and trends that cover the globe. Mexican, Thai and Indian cuisine are readily available in any capital. Korean pop stars and Brazilian footballers are international icons. Advances in technology, communications and transportation have facilitated the exchange of products, services and ideas. Weekly, we can keep up with former-colleague’s dining adventures in Singapore, while forwarding jokes to friends in Madrid. Companies roll out products simultaneously across global markets by paying only a few cents per pound in shipping costs. Yet, globalization is nothing new. Humans have always been on the move since the dawn of time. Some historians attribute Rome’s insatiable quench for Chinese silk as one of the factors that led to its economic demise and imperial collapse. A little more than a century ago, we went through another episode of massive globalization. Advances in transportation, as well as communications, led to an exponential growth in trade. The Victorian Age represented a period of great prosperity for some, but it was also an era of economic frustration for others. Income inequality soared within and across nations. This frustration exploded into a series of confrontations during the 20th century that marked the decline of the globalization process.
The eve of World War I marked the apogee of 19th century globalization, but it quickly declined afterwards. While much ink has been spilt on the chain of events that led to the war, very little has been used to analyze the root causes. Deep-seated rivalry between five hegemonic powers was one of the underling factors. The British, Russian, Turkish, Austro-Hungarian and French Empires came to blows. At stake were territories throughout the Balkans, Africa, Eastern Europe and Asia. By the end of the war, the five empires had collapsed or been damaged beyond repair. Out of the ashes rose new superpowers, with varying degrees of imperial aspirations, as well as an economic boom that soured into a global depression. After the First World War, the political themes with the greatest appeal were found at the extreme sides of the ideological spectrum. Entire societies eschewed the institutional framework provided by traditional political parties.
Instead, they opted for the siren’s song of messianic populist leaders. In the process, they pushed the planet into an unprecedented economic meltdown and a new world war that cost millions of lives.
Translation - Spanish La globalización parece ser un concepto novedoso. La cultura moderna es una fusión de gustos y tendencias que cubren el planeta. La cocina Mexicana, Tailandesa, e India están disponibles en cualquier capital. Artistas pop provenientes de Corea y jugadores de fútbol brasileños son iconos internacionales. Avances en tecnología, comunicación, y transporte han facilitado el intercambio de productos, servicios, e ideas. Semanalmente, podemos ponernos al tanto de las aventuras gastronómicas en Singapur de nuestros ex-compañeros, mientras le reenviamos chistes a amigos en Madrid. Las empresas despliegan simultáneamente productos al rededor del mundo pagando sólo unos pocos centavos por libra en gastos de envío. Sin embargo, la globalización no es nada nuevo. En todas épocas, los seres humanos han siempre estado en movimiento. Algunos historiadores atribuyen la sed insaciable de Roma por la seda china como uno de los factores que condujo a su desaparición y colapso económico imperial.
Hace poco mas de un siglo, vivimos otro episodio masivo de la globalización. Avances en el transporte, al igual que en las comunicaciones, condujeron a un aumento exponencial en el comercio. La época Victoriana representó para algunos un período de gran prosperidad, pero también fue una época de frustración económica para otros. Desigualdades de ingreso aumentaron dentro y entre las naciones. Esta frustración condujo a una serie de enfrentamientos durante el siglo 20 que marcaron la decadencia del proceso de globalización.
La víspera de la I Guerra Mundial marcó el apogeo de la globalización del siglo 19, pero declinó rápidamente después. Mientras mucha tinta se ha derramado para analizar las causas que llevaron a la guerra, muy poca se ha utilizado para analizar las causas que condujeron a esta. La rivalidad profunda entre cinco potencias hegemónicas fue uno de los factores subyacentes. Los Británicos, Rusos, Turcos, pertenecientes al Imperio Austrohúngaro y al imperio francés empezaron a pelear entre ellos. Estaban en juego los territorios de toda la región de los Balcanes, África, Europa oriental y Asia. Al final de la guerra, los cinco imperios se habían derrumbado o se habían dañado irreparablemente. De las cenizas surgieron nuevas supernaciones, con diversos grados de aspiraciones imperiales, así como un auge económico que se torno en una depresión mundial. Después de la Primera Guerra Mundial, los temas políticos con mayor atractivo se encuentran en los lados extremos del espectro ideológico. Sociedades enteras evitaron el marco institucional de los partidos políticos tradicionales. En su lugar, optaron por los cantos de sirenas de líderes populistas mesiánicos. En el proceso, han empujado al planeta en una crisis económica sin precedentes y una nueva guerra mundial que costaron millones de vidas.
English to Spanish: The Potential of VoIP Applications as a Source of Mobile Positioning Data for Providing Tourism Statistics General field: Tech/Engineering Detailed field: IT (Information Technology)
Source text - English The promising potential of mobile positioning data as a tool for producing tourism statistics data are acknowledged by the experts of the subject.
However, the data supplied by GSM operators might not be as inclusive as they used to be in the beginning of 2000s anymore. We observe a steady decline in the “mobile phone roaming expenditures” item of tourism receipt data of Turkey during 2009-2012, which is inversely correlated with the rapidly increasing number of arriving foreign visitors and total tourism receipts. How can we explain this negative correlation?
Part of the answer clearly lies in the evolution of mobile phones as communication tools: Mobile phones once were devices that only worked over GSM systems; but today they are as versatile and powerful as the desktop computers of the previous decade. This, combined with the rapid development of Wi-fi networks around the world, allowed the tourists to make phone calls over VoIP applications such as Skype and Viber for free. In the near future we can expect the majority of the tourists to communicate via software of this kind to avoid roaming costs.
The aim of this paper is to discuss the importance, quality and characteristics of tourism related data that these VoIP mobile phone applications may provide. A new level of innovation can be introduced to the mobile phone positioning data in the context of tourism statistics within this framework.
Translation - Spanish Expertos en el tema de posicionamiento reconocen el gran potencial que los dispositivos móviles ofrecen en la captura de información estadística asociada al turismo.
Sin embargo, los datos suministrados por los operadores GSM no son tan relevante como lo solían ser a principio de los años 2000. Durante el periodo 2009-2012 se ha observado en el mercado turco una disminución constante en la partida "gastos de itinerancia móvil" la cual se correlaciona inversamente con el número creciente de extranjeros visitando este país ¿Cómo podemos explicar esta correlación negativa?
Parte de la respuesta se encuentra en la evolución de los teléfonos móviles como herramientas de comunicación: anteriormente los teléfonos móviles sólo trabajaban bajo el sistema GSM; pero hoy en día son tan versátiles y potentes como los ordenadores de esa misma época. Esto, combinado con el rápido desarrollo de las redes Wi-Fi en todo el mundo, permite a los turistas hacer llamadas telefónicas de forma gratuita usando aplicaciones de VoIP tales como Skype y Viber. En un futuro no muy lejano podemos esperar que la mayoría de los turistas utilicen software de este tipo para evitar gastos de itinerancia.
El objetivo de este trabajo es discutir la importancia, calidad y características de la información transmitida por dispositivos móviles en el extranjero usando aplicaciones de VoIP. En este contexto, se propone un nuevo nivel de innovación en la captura de datos estadísticos de turistas usando la información del posicionamiento móvil.
Christian Barbaroux recently joined the ProZ community. He has a multicultural background and has lived for extensive period of time in Mexico, France, Brazil, United Kingdom, and the United States of America. As a result, he is fluent in English, French, Portuguese, and Spanish. He holds the following certifications and is constantly striving to improve his linguistic abilities:
ACTFL: ENG ⇄ SPA Advanced High (3399-29BB9A valid through 06-06-2018)
Since joining ProZ, he has constantly searched for way to make a positive impact and assist others in need. Christian also provide his translating services to some of the largest translating companies in the world. Short samples of his work can be found here.
By trade, he is a Mechanical Engineer and holds a Post-Graduate Diploma in Strategic Management from the University of Bristol in England. Throughout his professional career, he has successfully led several international projects and managed to deliver them ahead of time and within the allocated budget. He is certified as a:
Project Management Professional (PMP number: 428845), and
ScrumMaster (Member: 000417762)
In total, he has 19+ years of professional experience and within the Oil and Gas (Upstream and Midstream), Utilities, and Transportation Industries across the Engineering, Manufacturing, Operations Management, Project Management, and Business Development disciplines.
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