установление ответственности

In response to the 2010 U.S. National Space Policy’s call to “rapidly detect, warn, characterize, and attribute natural and man-made disturbances to space systems” the Spacecraft Anomalies and Failures (SCAF) Workshop has been pressing the community to improve skills in anomaly attribution. Five years of presentations, case studies, and insights have identified a clear requirement to create a spacecraft anomaly reporting standard. This new standard is motivated by the fact that previous anomaly investigations suffer from lack of diagnostics on
spacecraft, limited benefit for operators to determine root cause, uncertainties in vulnerability models, and complicated space environment phenomena. As a result, it is important for this process to be both effective and efficient or else it will not be embraced. The Universal Satellite Anomalies Analysis Advisor, USA3 is a proposed starting point for this solution: must assign anomaly/failure root cause to the (1) lowest possible hardware level associated with a (2) specific causative trigger by (3) tracking symptoms in time (both in relative and absolute terms). The ability to discern the cause of a space system failure will become more important as more new space users operate new satellite systems, the orbital debris hazard continues to grow, and space system performance becomes more ubiquitous to everyday life on Earth. This paper provides a starting point that through interagency and cross-community review and refinement may evolve into an anomaly attribution framework standard.

BACKGROUND
Spacecraft anomaly attribution (i.e., determination of root cause) is critical for a variety of reasons. The ability to determine the root cause of a satellite anomaly provides the means to...
https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4...

Programs include innovative approaches to real-time network monitoring, identifying taxonomies common to large-scale outages in public emergencies, root-cause attribution of NIDES...
https://www.splunk.com/pdfs/white-papers/all-systems-back-on...

In the field of epidemiology, source attribution refers to a category of methods with the objective of reconstructing the transmission of an infectious disease from a specific source, such as a population, individual, or location. For example, source attribution methods may be used to trace the origin of a new pathogen that recently crossed from another host species into humans, or from one geographic region to another. It may be used to determine the common source of an outbreak of a foodborne infectious disease, such as a contaminated water supply. Finally, source attribution may be used to estimate the probability that an infection was transmitted from one specific individual to another, i.e., "who infected whom".

Source attribution can play an important role in public health surveillance and management of infectious disease outbreaks.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Source_attribution

Attributing crises only to climate is inadequate from a mechanical, moral, and strategic policy points of view.
https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1624029/FULLTEXT...

Drawing from survey data in the aftermath of severe floods in the UK, Ogunbode et al. (2019) find that the attribution of a disaster to human-induced environmental intrusion is a prerequisite for more pro-environmental engagement after such an event.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S019188692...