May 28, 2015 13:28
8 yrs ago
23 viewers *
English term
easement vs. covenant
English to Polish
Law/Patents
Real Estate
easement
Jak po polsku można oddać różnicę między angielskim "easement" a "conenant"?
Proposed translations
(Polish)
| 3 | służebność vs. służebności gruntowe powstałe w wyniku umowy |
Monika Wojewoda
|
| 4 +2 | służebność vs. zobowiązanie |
elutek
|
References
| Covenants related to land |
geopiet
|
Proposed translations
21 hrs
Selected
służebność vs. służebności gruntowe powstałe w wyniku umowy
prawa i obowiązki związane z tytułem własności do nieruchomości (lub z nieruchomością)
Według mojej wiedzy, która aczkolwiek może być ułomna, nie ma w polskim prawie odpowiednika "covenants". W większości przypadków to, co po angielsku określa się jako covenant running with land, po polsku nazwalibyśmy 'służebnością gruntową' właśnie, i to mogą być zarówno prawa (jeśli jest to nieruchomość władnąca) lub obciążenia (jeśli jest to nieruchomość obciążona).
http://lawcommission.justice.gov.uk/docs/cp186_Easements_Cov...
"1.8 An easement is a right enjoyed by one landowner over the land of another, both
plots usually being in close proximity.5
A positive easement allows a landowner to
go onto or make use of some installation on his or her neighbour’s land. This
could be a right of way providing access (vehicular or pedestrian). It could be a
right to install and use a pipe or a drain. A negative easement is essentially a
right to receive something from land owned by another without obstruction or
interference. The law recognises as negative easements the right of support of
buildings from land (or from buildings), the right to receive light through a defined
aperture, the right to receive air through a defined channel and the right to
receive a flow of water in an artificial stream.
1.9 Covenants are contractual in origin, and, as a matter of contract, bind only the
party who gave the promise (the covenantor) and are enforceable only by the
party who received it (the covenantee). However, where the promise is made in
relation to land and the promise is restrictive of the user of that land, a covenant
can have some characteristics which are normally associated with property
rights.6
Like easements, covenants can be positive or negative in nature. A
positive covenant is a promise to do something. For example, a landowner might
covenant to erect and maintain a boundary fence. This contrasts with a negative
covenant, which is referred to as a restrictive covenant. This is an undertaking
not to do a specified thing, such as to build above a certain height."
Z powyższego dokumentu wynika również, że covenants mogą być affirmative lub negative, i tylko w tym drugim przypadku chodziłoby o "zobowiązania".
Według mojej wiedzy, która aczkolwiek może być ułomna, nie ma w polskim prawie odpowiednika "covenants". W większości przypadków to, co po angielsku określa się jako covenant running with land, po polsku nazwalibyśmy 'służebnością gruntową' właśnie, i to mogą być zarówno prawa (jeśli jest to nieruchomość władnąca) lub obciążenia (jeśli jest to nieruchomość obciążona).
http://lawcommission.justice.gov.uk/docs/cp186_Easements_Cov...
"1.8 An easement is a right enjoyed by one landowner over the land of another, both
plots usually being in close proximity.5
A positive easement allows a landowner to
go onto or make use of some installation on his or her neighbour’s land. This
could be a right of way providing access (vehicular or pedestrian). It could be a
right to install and use a pipe or a drain. A negative easement is essentially a
right to receive something from land owned by another without obstruction or
interference. The law recognises as negative easements the right of support of
buildings from land (or from buildings), the right to receive light through a defined
aperture, the right to receive air through a defined channel and the right to
receive a flow of water in an artificial stream.
1.9 Covenants are contractual in origin, and, as a matter of contract, bind only the
party who gave the promise (the covenantor) and are enforceable only by the
party who received it (the covenantee). However, where the promise is made in
relation to land and the promise is restrictive of the user of that land, a covenant
can have some characteristics which are normally associated with property
rights.6
Like easements, covenants can be positive or negative in nature. A
positive covenant is a promise to do something. For example, a landowner might
covenant to erect and maintain a boundary fence. This contrasts with a negative
covenant, which is referred to as a restrictive covenant. This is an undertaking
not to do a specified thing, such as to build above a certain height."
Z powyższego dokumentu wynika również, że covenants mogą być affirmative lub negative, i tylko w tym drugim przypadku chodziłoby o "zobowiązania".
4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer.
Comment: "Bardzo dziękuję! "
+2
1 hr
służebność vs. zobowiązanie
propozycja
Note from asker:
| Bardzo dziękuję! |
Peer comment(s):
| agree |
Roman Kozierkiewicz
: Tak też jest w moim Dictionary of Real Estate Market (Beck)
5 mins
|
|
Dziękuję, panie Romanie:)
|
|
| agree |
Karsk
16 hrs
|
|
dziękuję bardzo:)
|
Reference comments
10 hrs
Reference:
Covenants related to land
In property law, land-related covenants are called "real covenants" and are a major form of covenant, typically imposing restrictions on how the land may be used (negative covenants) or requiring a certain continuing action (affirmative covenant). These may also "run with the land" (called a covenant appurtenant), meaning that any future owners of the land must abide by the terms, or may apply to a particular person (called a covenant in gross). Under English law, affirmative covenants typically do not run with the land; in the United States such covenants are examined more closely, but with exceptions affirmative covenants have been permitted to run with the land
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covenant_(law)
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Covenants Running with the Land
A covenant is said to run with the land in the event that the covenant is annexed to the estate and cannot be separated from the land or the land transferred without it. Such a covenant exists if the original owner as well as each successive owner of the property is either subject to its burden or entitled to its benefit. A covenant running with the land is said to touch and concern the property. For example, an individual might own property subject to the restriction that it is only to be used for church purposes. When selling the land, the person can only do so upon an agreement by the buyer that he or she, too, will only use the land for church purposes. The land is thereby burdened or encumbered by a Restrictive Covenant, since the covenant specifically limits the use to which the land can be put. In addition, the covenant runs with the land because it remains attached to it despite subsequent changes in its ownership. This type of covenant is also called a covenant appurtenant.
Certain easements also run with the land. An easement, for example, that permits one landowner to walk across a particular portion of the property of an adjoining landowner in order to gain access to the street would run with the land. Subsequent owners of both plots would take the land subject to such easement.
A covenant in gross is unlike a covenant running with the land in that it is personal, binding only the particular owner and not the land itself. A subsequent owner is not required to keep the promise as one would with a covenant appurtenant.
Covenants for Title
When an individual obtains title to, or possession and ownership of, real property, six covenants are ordinarily afforded to him or her. They are (1) covenant for seisin; (2) covenant of the right to convey; (3) covenant against encumbrances; (4) covenant for Quiet Enjoyment; (5) covenant of general Warranty; and (6) covenant for further assurances.
http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/covenant
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covenant_(law)
--------------
Covenants Running with the Land
A covenant is said to run with the land in the event that the covenant is annexed to the estate and cannot be separated from the land or the land transferred without it. Such a covenant exists if the original owner as well as each successive owner of the property is either subject to its burden or entitled to its benefit. A covenant running with the land is said to touch and concern the property. For example, an individual might own property subject to the restriction that it is only to be used for church purposes. When selling the land, the person can only do so upon an agreement by the buyer that he or she, too, will only use the land for church purposes. The land is thereby burdened or encumbered by a Restrictive Covenant, since the covenant specifically limits the use to which the land can be put. In addition, the covenant runs with the land because it remains attached to it despite subsequent changes in its ownership. This type of covenant is also called a covenant appurtenant.
Certain easements also run with the land. An easement, for example, that permits one landowner to walk across a particular portion of the property of an adjoining landowner in order to gain access to the street would run with the land. Subsequent owners of both plots would take the land subject to such easement.
A covenant in gross is unlike a covenant running with the land in that it is personal, binding only the particular owner and not the land itself. A subsequent owner is not required to keep the promise as one would with a covenant appurtenant.
Covenants for Title
When an individual obtains title to, or possession and ownership of, real property, six covenants are ordinarily afforded to him or her. They are (1) covenant for seisin; (2) covenant of the right to convey; (3) covenant against encumbrances; (4) covenant for Quiet Enjoyment; (5) covenant of general Warranty; and (6) covenant for further assurances.
http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/covenant
Discussion
http://www.differencebetween.net/miscellaneous/difference-be...
Wydaje się, że tutaj covenant będzie miało znaczenie mniej ogólne niż samo "zobowiązanie".