mantle plume

Chinese translation: 地幔柱(地幔焰)

GLOSSARY ENTRY (DERIVED FROM QUESTION BELOW)
English term or phrase:mantle plume
Chinese translation:地幔柱(地幔焰)

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17:57 May 24, 2010
English to Chinese translations [PRO]
Science - Geology
Additional field(s): Environment & Ecology, Geography
English term or phrase: mantle plume
Definition from Digital Atlas of Idaho:
A buoyant mass of hot mantle material that rises to the base of the lithosphere. Mantle plumes commonly produce volcanic activity and structural deformation in the central part of lithospheric plates.

Example sentence(s):
  • Scientists believe mantle plumes can last hundreds of millions of years, and that their heat can create phenomena such as Yellowstone National Park or the string of Hawaiian Islands. Science Centric
  • Above a certain depth, the head of the plume begins to melt and spread out under the crust, until it finds a crack and pours through. The theory of mantle plumes predicts an initial flood of lava lasting tens of millions of years, which means that each hot spot should have an associated flood basalt. University of California
  • The first few million years of a newly arrived mantle plume seem to be the most fertile in terms of magma production and flood basalts are therefore formed in a very short period of geological time. The Geological Society
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地幔柱(地幔焰)
Definition:
什么是地幔柱,一定要详细一些:
地幔柱 地幔柱简介


mantle plume
深部地幔热对流运动中的一股上升的圆柱状固态物质的热塑性流,即从软流圈或下地幔涌起并穿透岩石圈而成的热地幔物质柱状体。它在地表或洋底出露时就表现为热点。热点上的地热流值大大高于周围广大地区,甚至会形成孤立的火山。
地幔柱概念是由J.摩根于1972年提出的,其所根据的事实是:洋底有一系列海山,即呈链状分布的死火山脉,它一端连接着现代活火山,沿此链距离活火山越远,其年龄越老。这被认为是当岩石圈板块运动时,固定不动的地幔柱在板块表面留下的热点迁移的轨迹,也可以说是由一系列死火山组成的无震海岭。如夏威夷活火山热点,因太平洋板块西移而在洋底留下一条由死火山形成的海山链,经年龄值4000万年的中途岛转折而成向北西延伸的皇帝海岭,一直到阿留申岛西端,年龄增至7500万年。



地幔柱 地幔的厚度


地 幔柱估计至少来自 700 千米或更深处 ,直径大致在100~250千米左右,上升速率约每年几厘米,由此导致地幔顶部成直径达上百千米的穹状隆起 ,高出四周约 1~2千米。全球热点大多位于洋中脊的转折拐点或三联点上,少数在板块内部,总共约30余个。陆上较少,约5个。
Selected response from:

Adsion Liu
Canada
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4 KudoZ points were awarded for this answer



Summary of translations provided
4 +2地幔柱(地幔焰)
Adsion Liu


  

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1 hr   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5 peer agreement (net): +2
地幔柱(地幔焰)


Definition from http://wenda.chinabaike.com:
什么是地幔柱,一定要详细一些:
地幔柱 地幔柱简介


mantle plume
深部地幔热对流运动中的一股上升的圆柱状固态物质的热塑性流,即从软流圈或下地幔涌起并穿透岩石圈而成的热地幔物质柱状体。它在地表或洋底出露时就表现为热点。热点上的地热流值大大高于周围广大地区,甚至会形成孤立的火山。
地幔柱概念是由J.摩根于1972年提出的,其所根据的事实是:洋底有一系列海山,即呈链状分布的死火山脉,它一端连接着现代活火山,沿此链距离活火山越远,其年龄越老。这被认为是当岩石圈板块运动时,固定不动的地幔柱在板块表面留下的热点迁移的轨迹,也可以说是由一系列死火山组成的无震海岭。如夏威夷活火山热点,因太平洋板块西移而在洋底留下一条由死火山形成的海山链,经年龄值4000万年的中途岛转折而成向北西延伸的皇帝海岭,一直到阿留申岛西端,年龄增至7500万年。



地幔柱 地幔的厚度


地 幔柱估计至少来自 700 千米或更深处 ,直径大致在100~250千米左右,上升速率约每年几厘米,由此导致地幔顶部成直径达上百千米的穹状隆起 ,高出四周约 1~2千米。全球热点大多位于洋中脊的转折拐点或三联点上,少数在板块内部,总共约30余个。陆上较少,约5个。

Example sentence(s):
  • 从一些成熟的观察我们可推测地幔中至少有几个地幔柱, 这并不需要什么假设. ... 最近有人宣称用地震层析成像方法探测到地幔柱, 这应该说是地幔柱存在的最直接证据, ... - http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn  
Adsion Liu
Canada
Local time: 09:28
Native speaker of: Chinese
PRO pts in category: 4

Votes in favor of/against selecting this as the best translation of the term asked
Yes  Grace Liu
14 days
  -> Thank you, Grace!

Yes  ILT
57 days
  -> Thanks alot ILT!
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