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17:57 May 24, 2010 |
English to Chinese translations [PRO] Science - Geology Additional field(s): Environment & Ecology, Geography | |||||||||||
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Selected response from: Adsion Liu Canada Grading comment
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Summary of translations provided | ||||
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4 +2 | 地幔柱(地幔焰) |
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地幔柱(地幔焰) Definition from http://wenda.chinabaike.com: 什么是地幔柱,一定要详细一些: 地幔柱 地幔柱简介 mantle plume 深部地幔热对流运动中的一股上升的圆柱状固态物质的热塑性流,即从软流圈或下地幔涌起并穿透岩石圈而成的热地幔物质柱状体。它在地表或洋底出露时就表现为热点。热点上的地热流值大大高于周围广大地区,甚至会形成孤立的火山。 地幔柱概念是由J.摩根于1972年提出的,其所根据的事实是:洋底有一系列海山,即呈链状分布的死火山脉,它一端连接着现代活火山,沿此链距离活火山越远,其年龄越老。这被认为是当岩石圈板块运动时,固定不动的地幔柱在板块表面留下的热点迁移的轨迹,也可以说是由一系列死火山组成的无震海岭。如夏威夷活火山热点,因太平洋板块西移而在洋底留下一条由死火山形成的海山链,经年龄值4000万年的中途岛转折而成向北西延伸的皇帝海岭,一直到阿留申岛西端,年龄增至7500万年。 地幔柱 地幔的厚度 地 幔柱估计至少来自 700 千米或更深处 ,直径大致在100~250千米左右,上升速率约每年几厘米,由此导致地幔顶部成直径达上百千米的穹状隆起 ,高出四周约 1~2千米。全球热点大多位于洋中脊的转折拐点或三联点上,少数在板块内部,总共约30余个。陆上较少,约5个。 Example sentence(s):
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