https://www.proz.com/kudoz/english-to-chinese/environment-ecology/6320572-with-and-without.html
Apr 28, 2017 04:00
7 yrs ago
English term

with and without

English to Chinese Tech/Engineering Environment & Ecology general
Studies of the health effects of wildfires have compared incidence of health outcomes during periods
with and without wildfire smoke exposure

這句英文怎麼翻比較好,謝謝

Proposed translations

+1
9 hrs
Selected

存在某种情况和不存在这种情况的对比

在山火的健康影响方面,相关研究比较了人体暴露于山火烟雾和未暴露于此类烟雾时的健康状况。
Peer comment(s):

agree clearwater
8 days
谢谢!
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4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer. Comment: "謝謝"
+1
6 hrs

有否

during periods with and without wildfire smoke exposure = 比較於指定時期內及有否被野火煙霧影響的情況下的健康狀況。

供參考。
Peer comment(s):

agree Esraa Nady
403 days
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6 hrs

存在和沒有

關於山火對健康有哪些影響,已經開展了一些研究。這些研究比較了存在和沒有山火煙霧的一些時間段內相關疾病的發病率。
OR (As preferred by some translation practitioners ): 一些關於山火的健康影響的研究比較了存在和沒有山火煙霧的一些時間段內的發病率。

health outcome指咳嗽、支氣管炎等容易受到煙霧影響的疾病。
with and without wildfire smoke exposure指有沒有山火煙霧的存在,或人員是否受其影響。
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9 hrs

无论与否

with or without reason是什么意思? with or without reason翻译(中文 ...
dict.zhuaniao.com/en/with+or+without+reason/
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with or without reason的解释是:无论有理与否,无论合乎情况与… 同时,该页为英语学习者提供:with or without reason的中文翻译、英英详解、单词音标、在线发音、 ...
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